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Superpowers

superpowers · obra/superpowers · ★ 207k · last commit 2026-05-04

Enforces spec-first, TDD, and subagent-reviewed development as mandatory automatic workflows rather than optional practices.

Best whenSkills should be Iron Laws with pre-built rationalization tables, not suggestions — and they should trigger automatically via session hooks without any user …
Skip ifSkipping brainstorming for 'simple' projects, Writing production code before a failing test
Primitive shape 15 total
Skills 14 Hooks 1
00

Summary

Superpowers — Summary

Superpowers is a complete, opinionated software development methodology delivered as a composable skills plugin for Claude Code (and other coding agents) that auto-triggers structured workflows — brainstorming, planning, TDD, subagent-driven execution, and branch completion — before any code is written.

Problem it solves: Coding agents jump straight into implementation without understanding requirements, skip tests, accumulate context debt mid-session, and produce brittle work that drifts from the original spec; Superpowers imposes mandatory gates (HARD-GATEs in skills) that force brainstorming before coding, TDD before merging, and root-cause analysis before fixing bugs.

Distinctive trait: Skills inject themselves into agent sessions via a SessionStart hook that injects the using-superpowers bootstrap into every conversation, making every skill auto-trigger at the right moment without any user intervention — the agent simply "has Superpowers."

Target audience: Individual developers and teams using Claude Code, Codex CLI/App, Cursor, GitHub Copilot CLI, Factory Droid, Gemini CLI, or OpenCode who want a proven, zero-dependency methodology they can install in one command and immediately apply to any project.

Production-readiness: Production-ready; currently at v5.1.0, actively maintained by Jesse Vincent and Prime Radiant, with 207k GitHub stars, 27 contributors, and a full harness of automated integration tests across multiple platforms.

01

Overview

Superpowers — Overview

Origin

Superpowers was created by Jesse Vincent (obra) of Prime Radiant and announced in a blog post on October 9, 2025 (https://blog.fsck.com/2025/10/09/superpowers/). The project reached v5.1.0 by April 2026, gaining 207k GitHub stars — one of the most-starred agent-methodology repos in the space. It is maintained by Vincent with 26 additional contributors.

Tagline / Intro (verbatim from README)

Superpowers is a complete software development methodology for your coding agents, built on top of a set of composable skills and some initial instructions that make sure your agent uses them.

Philosophy and Problem Framing

The README describes the core interaction pattern:

It starts from the moment you fire up your coding agent. As soon as it sees that you're building something, it doesn't just jump into trying to write code. Instead, it steps back and asks you what you're really trying to do.

Once it's teased a spec out of the conversation, it shows it to you in chunks short enough to actually read and digest.

After you've signed off on the design, your agent puts together an implementation plan that's clear enough for an enthusiastic junior engineer with poor taste, no judgement, no project context, and an aversion to testing to follow. It emphasizes true red/green TDD, YAGNI (You Aren't Gonna Need It), and DRY.

Next up, once you say "go", it launches a subagent-driven-development process, having agents work through each engineering task, inspecting and reviewing their work, and continuing forward. It's not uncommon for Claude to be able to work autonomously for a couple hours at a time without deviating from the plan you put together.

Stated Philosophy

From the README, Superpowers is built on four explicit beliefs:

  • Test-Driven Development — Write tests first, always
  • Systematic over ad-hoc — Process over guessing
  • Complexity reduction — Simplicity as primary goal
  • Evidence over claims — Verify before declaring success

What Makes It Distinct

The framework treats skills not as optional helpers but as mandatory process enforcement. Skills use <HARD-GATE> XML tags that prohibit the agent from bypassing them ("Do NOT invoke any implementation skill, write any code, scaffold any project, or take any implementation action until you have presented a design and the user has approved it"). The using-superpowers skill instructs the agent to invoke a skill whenever there is even a 1% chance it applies — and explicitly labels rationalization excuses in tables so the agent can recognize and reject them.

The CLAUDE.md (contributor guidelines) is itself a meta-example of the philosophy: it speaks directly to AI agents, has a 94% PR rejection rate, and instructs agents to protect their human partner from embarrassment rather than blindly submitting PRs.

Community

02

Architecture

Superpowers — Architecture

Distribution Type

claude-plugin (primary) — also ships overlays for Codex CLI, Codex App, Cursor, GitHub Copilot CLI, Factory Droid, Gemini CLI, and OpenCode.

Install Methods

Claude Code (official Anthropic marketplace):

/plugin install superpowers@claude-plugins-official

Claude Code (Superpowers marketplace):

/plugin marketplace add obra/superpowers-marketplace
/plugin install superpowers@superpowers-marketplace

Codex CLI:

/plugins
# Search for "superpowers" → Select Install Plugin

Codex App: Click Plugins in sidebar → find Superpowers → click +

Factory Droid:

droid plugin marketplace add https://github.com/obra/superpowers
droid plugin install superpowers@superpowers

Gemini CLI:

gemini extensions install https://github.com/obra/superpowers

OpenCode: Tell the agent to fetch and follow https://raw.githubusercontent.com/obra/superpowers/refs/heads/main/.opencode/INSTALL.md

Cursor:

/add-plugin superpowers

or search "superpowers" in plugin marketplace.

GitHub Copilot CLI:

copilot plugin marketplace add obra/superpowers-marketplace
copilot plugin install superpowers@superpowers-marketplace

Top-Level Directory Layout

obra/superpowers/
├── .claude-plugin/
│   ├── plugin.json          # Claude Code plugin manifest (v5.1.0)
│   └── marketplace.json     # Superpowers dev marketplace entry
├── .codex-plugin/
│   └── plugin.json          # Codex plugin manifest
├── .cursor-plugin/
│   └── plugin.json          # Cursor plugin manifest
├── .opencode/
│   ├── INSTALL.md
│   └── plugins/superpowers.js
├── .github/
│   └── PULL_REQUEST_TEMPLATE.md
├── hooks/
│   ├── hooks.json           # Claude Code SessionStart hook definition
│   ├── hooks-cursor.json    # Cursor SessionStart hook definition
│   ├── run-hook.cmd         # Windows-safe hook launcher
│   └── session-start        # Bash script: injects using-superpowers bootstrap
├── skills/
│   ├── brainstorming/
│   │   ├── SKILL.md
│   │   ├── visual-companion.md
│   │   └── scripts/         # Local brainstorm server (HTML, JS, bash)
│   ├── dispatching-parallel-agents/SKILL.md
│   ├── executing-plans/SKILL.md
│   ├── finishing-a-development-branch/SKILL.md
│   ├── receiving-code-review/SKILL.md
│   ├── requesting-code-review/
│   │   ├── SKILL.md
│   │   └── code-reviewer.md
│   ├── subagent-driven-development/
│   │   ├── SKILL.md
│   │   ├── implementer-prompt.md
│   │   ├── spec-reviewer-prompt.md
│   │   └── code-quality-reviewer-prompt.md
│   ├── systematic-debugging/SKILL.md
│   ├── test-driven-development/SKILL.md
│   ├── using-git-worktrees/SKILL.md
│   ├── using-superpowers/
│   │   ├── SKILL.md
│   │   └── references/          # Platform tool-mapping docs
│   ├── verification-before-completion/SKILL.md
│   ├── writing-plans/SKILL.md
│   └── writing-skills/SKILL.md
├── scripts/
│   ├── bump-version.sh
│   └── sync-to-codex-plugin.sh
├── tests/                   # Integration tests per harness
├── docs/
│   ├── superpowers/specs/   # Example spec files
│   └── superpowers/plans/   # Example plan files
├── AGENTS.md                # Symlinks to CLAUDE.md
├── CLAUDE.md                # Contributor guidelines (also AI agent instructions)
├── GEMINI.md                # Points to using-superpowers/SKILL.md + gemini-tools.md
├── gemini-extension.json
├── package.json
└── README.md

Required Dependencies

  • None — Superpowers is zero-dependency by design. No Node, Python, or other runtime is required for the skills themselves.
  • The brainstorm server (visual companion feature inside brainstorming skill) uses a local Node/bash server, but this is optional and launched on demand.
  • The scripts/sync-to-codex-plugin.sh script requires rsync, git, gh auth, and python3, but this is a contributor tool, not an end-user requirement.

Configuration Files

File Purpose
CLAUDE.md Contributor guidelines injected into Claude Code context; also serves as AI agent instructions (symlinked from AGENTS.md)
GEMINI.md Points to using-superpowers/SKILL.md and references/gemini-tools.md for Gemini CLI sessions
.claude-plugin/plugin.json Claude Code plugin manifest
hooks/hooks.json Defines SessionStart hook for Claude Code
hooks/hooks-cursor.json Defines sessionStart hook for Cursor
hooks/session-start Bash script that reads and injects using-superpowers/SKILL.md at session start
package.json Package metadata (version tracking, not a Node dependency manifest for end users)
03

Components

Superpowers — Components

Commands (Slash Commands)

As of v5.1.0, all legacy slash commands have been removed. From the release notes:

"Legacy slash commands removed — /brainstorm, /execute-plan, and /write-plan are gone. They were deprecated stubs that did nothing but tell the user to invoke the corresponding skill."

Count: 0

Skills are invoked via the Skill tool (Claude Code), activate_skill tool (Gemini CLI), or skill tool (Copilot CLI), not slash commands.

Skills

Count: 14

Name Purpose
brainstorming Socratic design refinement; turns rough ideas into approved spec documents before any code is written
writing-plans Breaks an approved spec into bite-sized tasks (2-5 min each) with exact file paths, code, and verification steps
subagent-driven-development Dispatches a fresh subagent per task with two-stage review (spec compliance, then code quality)
executing-plans Inline batch plan execution with checkpoints, for environments without subagent support
dispatching-parallel-agents Concurrent subagent workflows for independent task sets
test-driven-development Enforces RED-GREEN-REFACTOR cycle; deletes code written before a failing test exists
systematic-debugging Four-phase root-cause investigation; blocks fixes until root cause is identified
verification-before-completion Requires running the actual verification command before any completion claim
requesting-code-review Dispatches a code-reviewer subagent with precisely crafted context
receiving-code-review Guides the agent in responding to review feedback
using-git-worktrees Creates or detects isolated git worktrees; detects existing isolation first; verifies clean baseline
finishing-a-development-branch Verifies tests, detects environment, presents 4 structured options (merge/PR/keep/discard), cleans up worktrees
writing-skills Meta-skill: create new skills following Superpowers best practices with adversarial pressure testing
using-superpowers Bootstrap skill: injected at session start via hook; establishes skill-invocation discipline

Subagents

As of v5.1.0, the named code-reviewer agent was removed. Subagents are now dispatched as general-purpose type with prompt templates stored alongside skills.

The following prompt templates are shipped (effectively defining subagent roles):

Template file Role
skills/subagent-driven-development/implementer-prompt.md Task implementer subagent
skills/subagent-driven-development/spec-reviewer-prompt.md Spec compliance reviewer subagent
skills/subagent-driven-development/code-quality-reviewer-prompt.md Code quality reviewer subagent
skills/requesting-code-review/code-reviewer.md Final code reviewer subagent

Named subagents count: 0 (removed in v5.1.0) Prompt templates shipped: 4

Hooks

Count: 1 event type (SessionStart)

Event Matcher Action
SessionStart startup|clear|compact Runs hooks/session-start bash script, which reads skills/using-superpowers/SKILL.md and injects it as additionalContext / hookSpecificOutput.additionalContext depending on platform

The hook outputs platform-specific JSON:

  • Claude Code: hookSpecificOutput.additionalContext
  • Cursor: additional_context
  • Copilot CLI / others: additionalContext

Also ships hooks-cursor.json (Cursor sessionStart hook, same script).

No PreToolUse, PostToolUse, UserPromptSubmit, Stop, or SubagentStop hooks.

MCP Servers

Count: 0 — Superpowers is zero-dependency; no MCP servers are bundled or required.

Scripts / Binaries

Script Purpose
hooks/session-start Bash: reads and JSON-escapes using-superpowers/SKILL.md, injects as session context for all supported platforms
hooks/run-hook.cmd Windows-safe launcher for session-start (routes through .cmd for Cursor on Windows)
scripts/bump-version.sh Contributor tool: version bumping across plugin manifests
scripts/sync-to-codex-plugin.sh Contributor tool: mirrors superpowers to OpenAI Codex plugin marketplace
skills/brainstorming/scripts/start-server.sh Starts the optional local visual companion server (brainstorming feature)
skills/brainstorming/scripts/stop-server.sh Stops the visual companion server
skills/brainstorming/scripts/server.cjs Node.js brainstorm server (optional feature)
05

Prompts

Superpowers — Prompts (Verbatim)

This file contains verbatim excerpts from key skill files, showing the prompting techniques Superpowers uses.


1. skills/using-superpowers/SKILL.md — The Bootstrap (Full)

This skill is injected into every session via the SessionStart hook. It establishes the core invocation discipline.

---
name: using-superpowers
description: Use when starting any conversation - establishes how to find and use skills, requiring Skill tool invocation before ANY response including clarifying questions
---

<SUBAGENT-STOP>
If you were dispatched as a subagent to execute a specific task, skip this skill.
</SUBAGENT-STOP>

<EXTREMELY-IMPORTANT>
If you think there is even a 1% chance a skill might apply to what you are doing, you ABSOLUTELY MUST invoke the skill.

IF A SKILL APPLIES TO YOUR TASK, YOU DO NOT HAVE A CHOICE. YOU MUST USE IT.

This is not negotiable. This is not optional. You cannot rationalize your way out of this.
</EXTREMELY-IMPORTANT>

## Instruction Priority

Superpowers skills override default system prompt behavior, but **user instructions always take precedence**:

1. **User's explicit instructions** (CLAUDE.md, GEMINI.md, AGENTS.md, direct requests) — highest priority
2. **Superpowers skills** — override default system behavior where they conflict
3. **Default system prompt** — lowest priority

The using-superpowers skill also includes a rationalization-prevention table:

## Red Flags

These thoughts mean STOP—you're rationalizing:

| Thought | Reality |
|---------|---------|
| "This is just a simple question" | Questions are tasks. Check for skills. |
| "I need more context first" | Skill check comes BEFORE clarifying questions. |
| "Let me explore the codebase first" | Skills tell you HOW to explore. Check first. |
| "I can check git/files quickly" | Files lack conversation context. Check for skills. |
| "Let me gather information first" | Skills tell you HOW to gather information. |
| "This doesn't need a formal skill" | If a skill exists, use it. |
| "I remember this skill" | Skills evolve. Read current version. |
| "This doesn't count as a task" | Action = task. Check for skills. |
| "The skill is overkill" | Simple things become complex. Use it. |
| "I'll just do this one thing first" | Check BEFORE doing anything. |
| "This feels productive" | Undisciplined action wastes time. Skills prevent this. |
| "I know what that means" | Knowing the concept ≠ using the skill. Invoke it. |

2. skills/brainstorming/SKILL.md — Full Content (First 80 Lines)

The brainstorming skill demonstrates Superpowers' use of HARD-GATEs and visual process flowcharts (DOT graph syntax):

---
name: brainstorming
description: "You MUST use this before any creative work - creating features, building components, adding functionality, or modifying behavior. Explores user intent, requirements and design before implementation."
---

# Brainstorming Ideas Into Designs

Help turn ideas into fully formed designs and specs through natural collaborative dialogue.

Start by understanding the current project context, then ask questions one at a time to refine the idea. Once you understand what you're building, present the design and get user approval.

<HARD-GATE>
Do NOT invoke any implementation skill, write any code, scaffold any project, or take any implementation action until you have presented a design and the user has approved it. This applies to EVERY project regardless of perceived simplicity.
</HARD-GATE>

## Anti-Pattern: "This Is Too Simple To Need A Design"

Every project goes through this process. A todo list, a single-function utility, a config change — all of them. "Simple" projects are where unexamined assumptions cause the most wasted work. The design can be short (a few sentences for truly simple projects), but you MUST present it and get approval.

## Checklist

You MUST create a task for each of these items and complete them in order:

1. **Explore project context** — check files, docs, recent commits
2. **Offer visual companion** (if topic will involve visual questions) — this is its own message, not combined with a clarifying question.
3. **Ask clarifying questions** — one at a time, understand purpose/constraints/success criteria
4. **Propose 2-3 approaches** — with trade-offs and your recommendation
5. **Present design** — in sections scaled to their complexity, get user approval after each section
6. **Write design doc** — save to `docs/superpowers/specs/YYYY-MM-DD-<topic>-design.md` and commit
7. **Spec self-review** — quick inline check for placeholders, contradictions, ambiguity, scope
8. **User reviews written spec** — ask user to review the spec file before proceeding
9. **Transition to implementation** — invoke writing-plans skill to create implementation plan

The skill includes a DOT graph showing the complete flow:

digraph brainstorming {
    "Explore project context" [shape=box];
    "Visual questions ahead?" [shape=diamond];
    "Offer Visual Companion\n(own message, no other content)" [shape=box];
    "Ask clarifying questions" [shape=box];
    "Propose 2-3 approaches" [shape=box];
    "Present design sections" [shape=box];
    "User approves design?" [shape=diamond];
    "Write design doc" [shape=box];
    "Spec self-review\n(fix inline)" [shape=box];
    "User reviews spec?" [shape=diamond];
    "Invoke writing-plans skill" [shape=doublecircle];
    ...
}

3. skills/test-driven-development/SKILL.md — The Iron Law + Rationalization Prevention

The TDD skill demonstrates Superpowers' "Iron Law + rationalization table" technique for creating unbreakable behavioral constraints:

---
name: test-driven-development
description: Use when implementing any feature or bugfix, before writing implementation code
---

# Test-Driven Development (TDD)

## The Iron Law

NO PRODUCTION CODE WITHOUT A FAILING TEST FIRST


Write code before the test? Delete it. Start over.

**No exceptions:**
- Don't keep it as "reference"
- Don't "adapt" it while writing tests
- Don't look at it
- Delete means delete

Implement fresh from tests. Period.

The skill's Common Rationalizations table (showing the "named excuse → reality" technique):

## Common Rationalizations

| Excuse | Reality |
|--------|---------|
| "Too simple to test" | Simple code breaks. Test takes 30 seconds. |
| "I'll test after" | Tests passing immediately prove nothing. |
| "Tests after achieve same goals" | Tests-after = "what does this do?" Tests-first = "what should this do?" |
| "Already manually tested" | Ad-hoc ≠ systematic. No record, can't re-run. |
| "Deleting X hours is wasteful" | Sunk cost fallacy. Keeping unverified code is technical debt. |
| "Keep as reference, write tests first" | You'll adapt it. That's testing after. Delete means delete. |
| "Need to explore first" | Fine. Throw away exploration, start with TDD. |
| "Test hard = design unclear" | Listen to test. Hard to test = hard to use. |
| "TDD will slow me down" | TDD faster than debugging. Pragmatic = test-first. |

Red Flags section (showing the "STOP and restart" enforcement technique):

## Red Flags - STOP and Start Over

- Code before test
- Test after implementation
- Test passes immediately
- Can't explain why test failed
- Tests added "later"
- Rationalizing "just this once"
- "I already manually tested it"
- "Tests after achieve the same purpose"
- "It's about spirit not ritual"
- "Keep as reference" or "adapt existing code"
- "Already spent X hours, deleting is wasteful"
- "TDD is dogmatic, I'm being pragmatic"
- "This is different because..."

**All of these mean: Delete code. Start over with TDD.**

4. skills/writing-plans/SKILL.md — Plan Document Header Template

The writing-plans skill demonstrates Superpowers' use of mandatory headers and "No Placeholders" rules:

## Plan Document Header

**Every plan MUST start with this header:**

```markdown
# [Feature Name] Implementation Plan

> **For agentic workers:** REQUIRED SUB-SKILL: Use superpowers:subagent-driven-development (recommended) or superpowers:executing-plans to implement this plan task-by-task. Steps use checkbox (`- [ ]`) syntax for tracking.

**Goal:** [One sentence describing what this builds]

**Architecture:** [2-3 sentences about approach]

**Tech Stack:** [Key technologies/libraries]

---

No Placeholders

Every step must contain the actual content an engineer needs. These are plan failures — never write them:

  • "TBD", "TODO", "implement later", "fill in details"
  • "Add appropriate error handling" / "add validation" / "handle edge cases"
  • "Write tests for the above" (without actual test code)
  • "Similar to Task N" (repeat the code — the engineer may be reading tasks out of order)
  • Steps that describe what to do without showing how (code blocks required for code steps)
  • References to types, functions, or methods not defined in any task

---

## 5. `hooks/session-start` — Session Bootstrap Injection (Key Section)

The session-start hook demonstrates how Superpowers achieves auto-triggering without user action:

```bash
# Read using-superpowers content
using_superpowers_content=$(cat "${PLUGIN_ROOT}/skills/using-superpowers/SKILL.md" 2>&1 || echo "Error reading using-superpowers skill")

session_context="<EXTREMELY_IMPORTANT>\nYou have superpowers.\n\n**Below is the full content of your 'superpowers:using-superpowers' skill - your introduction to using skills. For all other skills, use the 'Skill' tool:**\n\n${using_superpowers_escaped}\n\n${warning_escaped}\n</EXTREMELY_IMPORTANT>"

# Platform-conditional output
if [ -n "${CURSOR_PLUGIN_ROOT:-}" ]; then
  printf '{\n  "additional_context": "%s"\n}\n' "$session_context"
elif [ -n "${CLAUDE_PLUGIN_ROOT:-}" ] && [ -z "${COPILOT_CLI:-}" ]; then
  printf '{\n  "hookSpecificOutput": {\n    "hookEventName": "SessionStart",\n    "additionalContext": "%s"\n  }\n}\n' "$session_context"
else
  printf '{\n  "additionalContext": "%s"\n}\n' "$session_context"
fi

Key Prompting Techniques Used

  1. Iron Laws — Absolute unconditional rules stated as code blocks (NO PRODUCTION CODE WITHOUT A FAILING TEST FIRST). No hedging language.
  2. HARD-GATE XML tags<HARD-GATE>...</HARD-GATE> and <EXTREMELY-IMPORTANT> tags around blocking constraints, exploiting the model's XML attention.
  3. Rationalization tables — Every known bypass excuse is pre-listed with a one-line reality check, preventing the model from reasoning its way out of the constraint.
  4. Red Flags lists — Named cognitive patterns that mean "STOP and start over," written as bullet lists that match the agent's own inner monologue.
  5. DOT graph flowcharts — Process flows embedded in skills as digraph syntax, providing a machine-parseable and visually interpretable state machine.
  6. "Your human partner" language — Deliberate terminology (not "the user") to activate protective framing and frame the agent as an accountable collaborator, not an autonomous executor.
  7. Checklist-to-TodoWrite — Skills with checklists instruct the agent to create a TodoWrite task per item, leveraging Claude Code's native task tracking to enforce completion.
  8. guard — Prevents subagents dispatched for specific tasks from running the full session-bootstrap workflow, avoiding context pollution.
09

Uniqueness

Superpowers — Uniqueness & Positioning

What Does This Do That No Other Seed Framework Does?

Auto-triggering via SessionStart hook injection. Superpowers is the only framework in the seed set that uses a SessionStart hook to inject its bootstrap skill (using-superpowers) into every conversation — on startup, after /clear, and after /compact. This means skills are mandatory and automatic, not optional. No other seed framework ships a hook that enforces skill invocation before any response, including clarifying questions.

Subagent-driven development with two-stage review. The subagent-driven-development skill dispatches three distinct subagents per task: an implementer, a spec compliance reviewer, and a code quality reviewer. The spec compliance review is done before code quality review — a deliberate sequencing that prevents quality-optimizing code that doesn't match the spec. This two-stage, sequenced review loop is not documented in any other seed framework.

Iron Law + rationalization table pattern. Every hard constraint (TDD, verification, debugging) is paired with a pre-built table of rationalization excuses with one-line refutations. The framework explicitly anticipates the model's own justification strategies and preempts them. This "name the excuse before the agent thinks it" prompting technique is distinct.

HARD-GATE XML enforcement. <HARD-GATE> and <EXTREMELY-IMPORTANT> XML tags are used as attention anchors to prevent the model from bypassing blocking constraints. The using-superpowers bootstrap explicitly states "This is not negotiable. This is not optional. You cannot rationalize your way out of this."

Zero-dependency design principle as a contribution policy. No other seed framework documents zero-dependency as an explicit, enforced contribution constraint with a PR rejection policy attached.

Companion ecosystem. Superpowers ships with three companion repos: a curated marketplace (superpowers-marketplace, 1k stars), an experimental lab (superpowers-lab, 344 stars), and a guide for developing for Claude Code (superpowers-developing-for-claude-code, 128 stars). No other seed framework has an equivalent ecosystem.

What Does It Explicitly Drop That Others Have?

  • No memory bank / knowledge base. Unlike frameworks like Claude-Flow or BMAD that reference external memory services or sqlite, Superpowers uses only git-committed Markdown files.
  • No named agents. The code-reviewer named agent was explicitly removed in v5.1.0. The framework deliberately moved away from named agents to general-purpose task dispatch with prompt templates, avoiding coupling to platform-specific agent naming.
  • No slash commands. All slash commands were removed in v5.1.0 as "deprecated stubs that did nothing but tell the user to invoke the corresponding skill."
  • No MCP servers. Superpowers requires no external MCP connections, API keys, or network services.
  • No speculative features. The contribution policy explicitly rejects "speculative or theoretical fixes" and domain-specific skills that do not benefit all users.

One-Sentence Positioning

Superpowers is the auto-triggering, zero-dependency methodology plugin that makes TDD, spec-driven development, and subagent orchestration mandatory (not optional) for every coding agent session via a SessionStart hook, backed by Iron Laws and rationalization tables that prevent the model from reasoning its way out of discipline.

Failure Modes / Criticisms

From Reddit (wave-2b-reddit-discovery.md):

"Updated superpowers is extremely token intensive" — r/ClaudeAI

Token cost is a real concern: the subagent-driven-development workflow dispatches 3+ subagents per task (implementer + two reviewers), each with fresh context. A plan with 10 tasks generates 30+ subagent invocations plus review loops. The release notes show awareness of this — v5.0.6 removed subagent review loops from brainstorming and writing-plans specifically because they added "~25 min overhead" without measurable quality improvement.

"It beat Claude's built-in plan mode. It also beat fat-skill approaches like superpowers, which actually scored below plain plan mode on this [eval]." — r/ClaudeAI

On at least one documented eval, Superpowers underperformed Claude's built-in plan mode. This criticism aligns with the Reddit thread framing it as "training wheels for a model that doesn't need them anymore" — the framework is most valuable when working around Claude's tendency to skip steps, but newer Claude versions may follow structured workflows natively.

"Unpopular opinion: GSD and Superpowers are training wheels for a model that doesn't need them anymore." — r/ClaudeAI

This criticism identifies the core dependency: Superpowers is calibrated against a specific level of model capability. As base models improve their innate discipline, the overhead of mandatory workflows may outweigh the benefit.

Companion Repos (as promised in prompt instructions)

  • obra/superpowers-marketplace (1,004 stars): Curated Claude Code plugin marketplace that distributes Superpowers and related plugins. Updated 2026-05-23.
  • obra/superpowers-lab (344 stars): Experimental skills for Superpowers — new techniques and tools that haven't been promoted to core. Updated 2026-03-23.
  • obra/superpowers-developing-for-claude-code (128 stars): Guide and resources for developing plugins for the Claude Code platform. Updated 2025-12-03.

None of these companion repos are part of the primary analysis; this report covers obra/superpowers only. The marketplace and lab repos extend the ecosystem without modifying core methodology.

04

Workflow

Superpowers — Workflow

Workflow Phases

The README defines a 7-phase mandatory workflow. Skills auto-trigger; the agent checks for relevant skills before any task.

Phase Skill Trigger Artifact Produced
1. Brainstorm brainstorming Before any creative work / feature request docs/superpowers/specs/YYYY-MM-DD-<topic>-design.md committed to git
2. Isolate using-git-worktrees After design approval, before implementation Git worktree on a new branch, clean test baseline verified
3. Plan writing-plans With approved design docs/superpowers/plans/YYYY-MM-DD-<feature-name>.md with checkbox tasks, exact code, test commands
4a. Execute (subagent) subagent-driven-development With plan, preferred mode Per-task commits; two-stage review artifacts (spec compliance + code quality) per task
4b. Execute (inline) executing-plans With plan, fallback mode Per-task commits; relies on human checkpoints
5. TDD test-driven-development During every implementation step Failing test → passing test → commit; no production code without a prior failing test
6. Review requesting-code-review + receiving-code-review Between tasks and before merge Code reviewer subagent report with Critical/Important/Minor classifications
7. Finish finishing-a-development-branch When all tasks complete Merged branch / PR / preserved branch / discarded branch; worktree cleaned up

Supporting skills that activate throughout:

Phase Skill Trigger
Any bug systematic-debugging Any unexpected behavior / test failure
Any completion claim verification-before-completion Before claiming work is done
Parallel work dispatching-parallel-agents Independent task sets

Human Approval Gates

The following are explicit gates where the workflow halts for human input:

  1. After each design sectionbrainstorming asks for approval of each section before proceeding to the next. The HARD-GATE blocks implementation until design is approved.
  2. Spec writtenbrainstorming asks: "Please review it and let me know if you want to make any changes before we start writing out the implementation plan."
  3. Plan execution choicewriting-plans asks: "Which approach? Subagent-Driven (recommended) or Inline Execution?"
  4. Branch completion choicefinishing-a-development-branch presents exactly 4 options and waits for selection.
  5. Option 4 (Discard) confirmationfinishing-a-development-branch requires the user to type the exact word discard before deleting the branch.
  6. Failing baseline testsusing-git-worktrees reports failures and asks whether to proceed or investigate before allowing execution.
  7. Worktree consentusing-git-worktrees asks "Would you like me to set up an isolated worktree?" if the user has not already declared a preference.

TDD Enforcement

Yes — enforced as an Iron Law. The test-driven-development skill states:

"NO PRODUCTION CODE WITHOUT A FAILING TEST FIRST" "Write code before the test? Delete it. Start over."

The skill includes an exhaustive rationalization table to prevent the agent from accepting excuses, and a "Red Flags — STOP and Start Over" section that lists every common bypass attempt. Exceptions require explicit human partner permission.

The writing-plans skill reinforces this: every plan task is structured as: write failing test → verify it fails → write minimal code → verify it passes → commit.

Multi-Agent Execution

Yes. The subagent-driven-development skill dispatches:

  • One implementer subagent per task (with precisely crafted context, never the session history)
  • One spec compliance reviewer subagent per task (reviews against spec, not code quality)
  • One code quality reviewer subagent per task (reviews code quality after spec compliance passes)
  • One final code reviewer subagent after all tasks complete

The dispatching-parallel-agents skill handles concurrent subagent workflows for independent tasks.

Model selection guidance: cheap/fast models for mechanical single-file tasks; standard models for multi-file integration; most capable models for architecture and review.

Git Worktrees / Isolated Workspaces

Yes. The using-git-worktrees skill is a mandatory phase after brainstorming. It:

  1. Detects existing isolation first (GIT_DIR != GIT_COMMON with submodule guard)
  2. Prefers native harness worktree tools before falling back to git worktree add
  3. Verifies the worktree directory is in .gitignore before creating it
  4. Runs project setup and baseline test verification
  5. Defaults to .worktrees/<branch-name> at project root

Spec Format

Markdown. Design documents are written to docs/superpowers/specs/YYYY-MM-DD-<topic>-design.md. Plans are written to docs/superpowers/plans/YYYY-MM-DD-<feature-name>.md.

The plan format uses GitHub-flavored Markdown checkbox syntax (- [ ]) for task tracking, with fenced code blocks for exact commands and implementation code.

Files Generated Per Feature

File Producing Skill Location
YYYY-MM-DD-<topic>-design.md brainstorming docs/superpowers/specs/
YYYY-MM-DD-<feature-name>.md writing-plans docs/superpowers/plans/

Both are committed to git as part of their respective skill workflows.

06

Memory Context

Superpowers — Memory & Context

Memory Model

file-based

Superpowers does not use a database, vector store, or external memory service. All persistent state is stored as Markdown files committed to the project git repository.

Persistence Scope

project

Design documents and implementation plans are scoped to the individual project repository:

  • Design docs: docs/superpowers/specs/YYYY-MM-DD-<topic>-design.md
  • Implementation plans: docs/superpowers/plans/YYYY-MM-DD-<feature-name>.md

Both are committed to git, making them readable by any future session that checks out the repository.

Context Compaction Strategy

The SessionStart hook fires on the matcher startup|clear|compact, meaning it re-injects the using-superpowers bootstrap whenever a /compact (context compression) event occurs. This ensures that even after context compaction, the agent retains the skill-invocation discipline and knows how to find other skills via the Skill tool.

From hooks/hooks.json:

{
  "hooks": {
    "SessionStart": [
      {
        "matcher": "startup|clear|compact",
        "hooks": [
          {
            "type": "command",
            "command": "\"${CLAUDE_PLUGIN_ROOT}/hooks/run-hook.cmd\" session-start",
            "async": false
          }
        ]
      }
    ]
  }
}

The using-superpowers skill is a concise bootstrap (not the full skill content of other skills), so re-injection after compaction is intentionally lightweight.

Cross-Session Handoffs

Superpowers relies on git-committed files as the handoff mechanism. When a new session starts:

  1. The SessionStart hook injects the using-superpowers bootstrap, re-establishing skill awareness.
  2. The brainstorming skill instructs the agent to "check files, docs, recent commits" as step 1 of any new work, picking up existing design documents.
  3. The writing-plans skill saves plans with ISO date prefixes, making them discoverable chronologically.
  4. The subagent-driven-development skill uses TodoWrite for in-session task tracking; when a session ends mid-execution, the plan file (with checkbox state) serves as the handoff record.

References to Memory Bank / Knowledge Base

Superpowers does not use the term "memory bank" or "knowledge base." The project does not reference any Anthropic memory features, external memory MCP, or vector retrieval system. The design-doc + plan-doc pattern serves as the project's long-term memory, entirely through standard git history.

Subagent Context Isolation

A notable design choice: subagents dispatched by subagent-driven-development are intentionally given zero session history. The controller constructs exactly the context each subagent needs from the plan file and task text. This is explicit in the skill:

"They should never inherit your session's context or history — you construct exactly what they need."

This prevents context pollution and ensures each subagent works from a clean, precisely defined context rather than an accumulated session history.

07

Target Tools

Superpowers — Target Tools

All tools listed here are explicitly supported with installation instructions in the README and/or dedicated platform overlay files in the repository.

claude-code

Primary target. Full feature support including Skill tool invocation, SessionStart hook, EnterWorktree native worktree integration, and Task tool for subagent dispatch.

  • Install: /plugin install superpowers@claude-plugins-official (Anthropic official marketplace) or /plugin install superpowers@superpowers-marketplace
  • Platform files: .claude-plugin/plugin.json, hooks/hooks.json, CLAUDE.md
  • Hook format: hookSpecificOutput.additionalContext in JSON output
  • Skill tool: Skill (native)
  • Caveats: Named agent dispatch was available in earlier versions; removed in v5.1.0. Skills now use Task (general-purpose) with prompt templates.

codex (CLI)

Full support added. Skill tool mapped via references/codex-tools.md.

  • Install: /plugins → search "superpowers" → Install Plugin (official Codex plugin marketplace)
  • Platform files: .codex-plugin/plugin.json, scripts/sync-to-codex-plugin.sh
  • Caveats: wait tool maps to wait_agent in Codex; EnterWorktree maps to Codex native worktree tool. Tool equivalence table at skills/using-superpowers/references/codex-tools.md.

codex (App)

Full support (same marketplace as CLI).

  • Install: Plugins sidebar → find Superpowers → click +
  • Caveats: Same as Codex CLI.

cursor

Full support.

  • Install: /add-plugin superpowers in Cursor Agent chat, or search plugin marketplace
  • Platform files: .cursor-plugin/plugin.json, hooks/hooks-cursor.json
  • Hook format: additional_context (snake_case, not nested)
  • Hook launcher: hooks/run-hook.cmd (Windows-safe .cmd wrapper to prevent file-open-in-editor behavior)
  • Caveats: Hook uses sessionStart (camelCase) instead of SessionStart. Windows BOM issue was fixed in v5.1.0.

copilot (GitHub Copilot CLI)

Full support added in v5.0.7.

  • Install: copilot plugin marketplace add obra/superpowers-marketplace + copilot plugin install superpowers@superpowers-marketplace
  • Hook format: Top-level additionalContext (SDK standard, detected via COPILOT_CLI=1 env var)
  • Tool mapping: skills/using-superpowers/references/copilot-tools.md
  • Caveats: Requires Copilot CLI v1.0.11+ for additionalContext support in sessionStart hooks.

gemini-cli

Full support.

  • Install: gemini extensions install https://github.com/obra/superpowers
  • Platform files: GEMINI.md (includes @./skills/using-superpowers/SKILL.md and gemini-tools reference), gemini-extension.json
  • Skill tool: activate_skill (Gemini-specific)
  • Tool mapping: skills/using-superpowers/references/gemini-tools.md
  • Caveats: Subagent dispatch maps to @agent-name / @generalist. Parallel subagent dispatch documented for independent tasks. Bootstrap injected as user message (not system message) to fix Qwen/multi-system-message incompatibility (v5.0.7).

opencode

Full support with custom integration.

  • Install: Tell the agent: "Fetch and follow instructions from https://raw.githubusercontent.com/obra/superpowers/refs/heads/main/.opencode/INSTALL.md"
  • Platform files: .opencode/INSTALL.md, .opencode/plugins/superpowers.js
  • Caveats: Bootstrap is injected via experimental.chat.messages.transform (prepended to first user message, not system message). Bootstrap content is cached at module level to avoid re-reading on every agent step (fix in v5.1.0, previously called fs.existsSync + fs.readFileSync on every step).

factory-droid

Supported.

  • Install: droid plugin marketplace add https://github.com/obra/superpowers + droid plugin install superpowers@superpowers
  • Caveats: Added to README in v5.1.0; no dedicated platform overlay file is visible in the repo tree.

aider, cline, goose, windsurf, roo, kilo, qwen, jules, continue

Not officially supported. Not mentioned in the README or platform files. No install instructions or compatibility notes exist in the repository.

08

Signals

Superpowers — Signals

GitHub Stars

207,067 (as of 2026-05-26, fetched via gh api /repos/obra/superpowers)

Last Commit Date

2026-05-04 (most recent commit to main branch)

Repository pushed_at: 2026-05-24T00:01:48Z (includes automated pushes from CI/scripts)

Number of Contributors

27 (fetched via gh api /repos/obra/superpowers/contributors)

Top contributors:

  • obra (Jesse Vincent): 353 commits
  • arittr: 24 commits
  • clkao: 8 commits
  • jjshanks: 3 commits
  • claude: 2 commits (automated)
  • karuturi: 2 commits
  • shaanmajid: 2 commits

Companion Repos

Repo Stars Last Push
obra/superpowers-marketplace 1,004 2026-05-23
obra/superpowers-lab 344 2026-03-23
obra/superpowers-developing-for-claude-code 128 2025-12-03

Reddit / HN Sentiment

From /Users/yigitkonur/research/spec-driven-dev/_index/wave-2b-reddit-discovery.md:

Positive:

"Using Claude Code with Superpowers is so much more productive and the features it builds are so much more correct than with stock Claude Code." — r/ClaudeAI (1sastem)

Mixed / Critical:

"It beat Claude's built-in plan mode. It also beat fat-skill approaches like superpowers, which actually scored below plain plan mode on this [eval]." — r/ClaudeAI (1t0yiik)

"Updated superpowers is extremely token intensive" — r/ClaudeAI (1tlvwfi)

"Unpopular opinion: GSD and Superpowers are training wheels for a model that doesn't need them anymore." — r/ClaudeAI (1s36lwk)

Reddit sentiment: mixed — strong praise from users who follow the methodology; criticism around token cost, possible over-engineering, and a direct eval where plain plan mode outperformed Superpowers on a specific benchmark.

HN sentiment: unknown — no HN-specific quotes found in the discovery index.

Maintainer Status

Active. v5.1.0 released 2026-04-30; repository updated as recently as 2026-05-24. Jesse Vincent and Prime Radiant are actively maintaining the project, with Discord support, a release announcement mailing list, and a formal PR review process (including explicit AI agent contribution guidelines in CLAUDE.md).

The 94% PR rejection rate noted in CLAUDE.md suggests very active and opinionated maintenance.

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